Graviola (Annona muricata L.) is a shrub that grows in tropical and subtropical areas of America (Amazon) and Africa, belonging to the Annonaceae family, which includes approximately 120 genera and more than 2,000 species. The parts used are varied and include leaves, seeds, fruits, bark, and roots, although in most scientific studies initiated in the 1940s, extracts from the plant’s leaves and seeds have been used.

In its chemical composition, it contains acetogenins present in the leaves and seeds, isoquinoline-type alkaloids such as annomurine, annonain, annomonicine, reticuline, etc. Other alkaloids include muricinine, estefarine, aterospermine, etc. It also contains polyphenolic compounds, tannins, amides, ascorbic acid, phytosterols, and more.
Its pharmacological actions cover various areas, including experimental oncology, as scientific studies have shown that acetogenins possess selective cytotoxicity in tumor cell cultures, antiparasitic activity, antimicrobial activity, effects on the central nervous system, and other actions such as respiratory stimulation and hypotensive effects due to coreximine (an alkaloid), antiarrhythmic, anesthetic, and antifungal effects due to the presence of aterosperminine (an alkaloid).

Although its traditional use is quite extensive and widespread, this plant is potentially toxic to humans, so its use and dosage are recommended only under medical prescription and supervision.

Among its properties, we find: 

Cytotoxicity in tumor cells (in vitro), Antiparasitic, Antiprotozoal, Antimicrobial, Hypotensive, Antifungal, Astringent, and Antioxidant.